purper



(No Model.) 1 v 2 Sheets-She'et 1.

L; A. PURPER.

WINDMILL. No. 247,107. Patented Sept. 13,1881.

5L? I I N4 PETERS, PhuXo-Unmgmphen Washingfion D L 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

L. A; PURPER.

WINDMILL.

Patented Sept. 13, 1881.

il iilzasses:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS A. PURPER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,107, dated September 13, 1881.

Application filed July 18, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Lonrs ADOLPHE PUR- PER, merchant at Paris, in the French Republic, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in the windmill for which application for Letters Patent has heretofore been filed by me April 1, 1881, and numbered 29,741, the improvements being designed to utilize the force of the wind, whatever be its direction, in a more effective and advantageous manner.

The invention consists of an interior rotating wheel having radial wings, and of an exterior casing having open top, sides, and bottom, exterior wings, and inclined top wings, as will more fully appear hereinafter, and finally be pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 represent respectively a side elevation and a plan View of the casing of my improved windmill. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectivelya vertical transverse section on line mm, Fig. 4, and a. horizontal section of the casing and interior revolving wheel and Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a side view and plan view of the entire windmill, showing the outer-and top wings.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the casing of my improved windmill, which is formed of eight (more or less) upright posts, a, which are connected by top and bottom pieces, I) c. In place of the octagonal shape formed thereby a cylindrical casin g may be used, especially if the construction is made of iron.

In the center of the casing is arranged a vertical wind-wheel, B, having radial wings d, which are applied to a vertical shaft, 0. This shaft turns in a top bearing,f, and in a stepbearing, g. The wings are made of sheet metal or stretched canvas, and are secured by means of hubs h h to the shaft 6. The upper bearing, f, is formed by the hub of a spider-frame, i j, the radial arms of which extend to the posts a of 1 the frame and serve to stiffen the connection of the same. The radial arms or ribs 2' j support inclined radial top wings, 7a, which are secured thereto at an angle of about forty-five degrees. These inclined wings k are designed to conduct the currents of vertical or inclined direction to the windmill within the casing, so as to utilize them in connection (No model.)

with the currents which pass into the casing through the open sides of the same. The horizontal currents are conducted and thrown upon the wind-wheel B by means of vertical exterior wings l, which are extended above and below the casing A, and which are so'placed toward the sides of the casing that they form therewith an angle of sixty-seven and one-half degrees, being connected to the casing by means of rods or braces m.

The width of the wings I should not be smaller than one-half of the diagonal or diameter of the casing A, as otherwise disturbing wind-currents might be conducted to the interior of the casing. The wings I are hinged to the casin g, so as to be swung over and secured into position at the aforementioned angle toward one side or toward the adjoining side of the casing, according as the wheel is to be turned in one or the opposite direction. Two wings, l,forn1achannel through which the wind is conducted into the casing and upon the wings of the wheels B. As all sides of the polygonal or cylindrical casing are open, it is possible that simultaneously currents of greater or less strength may enter and act upon the wheel, so that thereby the power of the currents is fully utilized.

If the entire structure is placed upon columns high enough that wind-currents may also pass through the bottom of the casin g, the bot- 8 5 tom part of the same may then be arranged with inclined wings 70, as at the top. Winds of three different directions may thereby be conducted to the wheel, which is thereby revolved in a more effective manner, whatever be the direction of the wind.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent As an improvement in windmills, the combination of an open casing, having an interior 5 revolving wind-wheel, with vertical exterior wings extending above and below the casin g, and with inclined radial top wings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of May,

' L. A. PURPER. Witnesses G. LEWIS, RoB'r. M. HooPER. 

